Return Migration as a Largely Male Phenomenon: Gendered Dimensions of Transatlantic Mobility from the Habsburg Empire, 1890s -1914

Annemarie Steidl

doi:10.52024/gftgcs31

Author(s)

Annemarie Steidl University of Vienna

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.52024/gftgcs31

Abstract

Return migration is a crucial yet often overlooked dimension of the migratory experience. Recognizing return paths challenges the notion of migration as a unilinear, one-directional process, instead revealing the circular and continuous nature of human mobility. Even in the era of transatlantic migration in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century, many passengers crossed the Atlantic multiple times. Returning to Europe was often not the conclusion of a journey but simply another stage in an ongoing cycle of movements. Gender shaped the kinds of careers and opportunities available to mobile people. Even if women and men moved within distinct socio-economic power structures, evidence on gender-specific data on transatlantic returnees before World War I remains scarce.

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Author Biography

Annemarie Steidl, University of Vienna

Annemarie Steidl is an associate professor in the Department of Economic and Social History, University of Vienna (Austria). Her research interests include migration studies, industrialization and urbanization, gender studies, history of artisans, and quantitative methods. In 2011, she was a Fulbright Visiting Professor at the University of Minnesota in Minneapolis, and a guest professor at the University of Alberta in Edmonton, Canada in 2024. She published articles in Social Science History and the Yearbook of Economic History. Her latest monograph On Many Routes. Internal, Europea, and Transatlantic Migration in the Late Habsburg Empire was published with Purdue University Press in 2021.